The kermes oak is naturally found in the Mediterranean regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa. In Europe, it is particularly widespread in Spain, France, Italy, and Greece, and can also be found in the southern parts of the Balkan Peninsula, including Macedonia. This plant can develop as a shrub or a small tree, with a height of 3 to 5 meters. The leaves are narrow, leathery, and dark green with sharp edges. This tree plays an important role in preventing soil erosion, especially in dry and mountainous regions. Due to its durability and ability to grow in harsh conditions, it is an important species for the preservation of natural ecosystems.